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The internal components of a router are:
- ROM (Read Only Memory)
- Flash memory
- RAM (Random Access Memory)
- NVRAM (Nonvolatile Random Access Memory)
These internal components store information such as the configuration of the router, software, and routing tables.
The ROM in a router contains the bootstrap program that searches for a suitable system image when the router is switched on. When the router is switched on, the ROM performs a Power-on self-test (POST) to check the hardware. The ROM also provides a monitor mode that can be used for recovering from a crisis. The information present in the ROM cannot be erased.
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