- NAK
- See: Negative
Acknowledgment
- NAT
- See: Network Address
Translation.
- name resolution
- The process of mapping a
name into its corresponding address. See also: Domain
Name System. [Source: RFC1208]
- Name Registration
Scheme
- All sites connected to
JANET via X25 were expected to register with the
national 'Name Registration Scheme' (NRS). The NRS
maintained a database which recorded, for each service
on each site (such as X29 or Coloured Book mail), a
'standard' name and an 'abbreviated name' for that
service, together with its numeric JANET address. The
full form of identification using an NRS name was:
UK.AC.
.
. With the replacement of X25 by IP services, the NRS
did not last usefully beyond mid-1997.
- name resolution
- The process of mapping a
name into the corresponding address. See also: DNS.
[Source: RFC1208]
- Name Server
- software which matches
mnemonic names to raw addresses. This might be a
Campus Name Server for local PCs (using a JNT protocol
called Name Lookup Protocol or NLP), or a Domain Name
Server for local hosts on an Internet site - such as
the Bradford campus network.
- Name Server record
- A DNS resource record
type indicating which host can provide the Domain Name
Service facilities for a particular domain. See also:
Domain Name System.
- namespace
- A commonly distributed
set of names in which all names are unique. [Source:
MALAMUD]
- National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST)
- United States
governmental body that provides assistance in
developing standards. Formerly the National Bureau of
Standards. [Source: MALAMUD]
- National Research and
Education Network (NREN)
- The NREN is the
realization of an interconnected gigabit computer
network devoted to Hign Performance Computing and
Communications. See also: HPPC, IINREN. [Source: HPCC]
- National Science
Foundation (NSF)
- A U.S. government agency
whose purpose is to promote the advancement of
science. NSF funds science researchers, scientific
projects, and infrastructure to improve the quality of
scientific research. The NSFNET, funded by NSF, was
once an essential part of academic and research
communications. It wass a highspeed "network of
networks" which is hierarchical in nature. At the
highest level, it had a backbone network of nodes,
interconnected with T3 (45Mbps) facilities which
spanned the continental United States. Attached to
that were mid-level networks and attached to the
mid-levels were campus and local networks. See also:
backbone network, mid- level network. [Source:
RFC1983]
- Negative
Acknowledgment (NAK)
- Response to receipt of a
corrupted packet of information. See also:
Acknowledgement. [Source: RFC1392]
- NetBIOS
- Network Basic Input
Output System. The standard interface to networks on
IBM PC and compatible systems before the rise of
TCP/IP.
- net.citizen
- An inhabitant of
Cyberspace. One usually tries to be a good net.citizen,
lest one be flamed.
- netfind
- A research prototype to
provide a simple Internet "white pages" user
directory. Developed at the University of Colorado,
Boulder, it tries to locate telephone and email
information given a person's name and a rough
description of where the person works. See also:
Knowbot, whois, white pages, X.500. [Source: Ryan
Moats]
- netiquette
- A pun on
"etiquette" referring to proper behavior on
a network. RFC
1855 (FYI 28) contains a netiquette guide produced
by the User Services area of the IETF. See also:
Acceptable Use Policy, Internet Engineering Task
Force. [Source: RFC1983]
- Netnews
- See: Usenet
- network
- A computer network is a
data communications system which interconnects
computer systems at various different sites. A network
may be composed of any combination of LANs, MANs or
WANs. See also: Local Area Network, Metropolitan Area
Network, Wide Area Network, internet. [Source:
RFC1392]
- network address
- The network portion of
an IP address. For a class A network, the network
address is the first byte of the IP address. For a
class B network, the network address is the first two
bytes of the IP address. For a class C network, the
network address is the first three bytes of the IP
address. In each case, the remainder is the host
address. In the Internet, assigned network addresses
are globally unique. See also: Internet, IP address,
subnet address, host address, Internet Registry, OSI
Network Address. [Source: RFC1392]
- Network Address
Translation (NAT)
- A method of converting
between a range of IP addresses on the public side of
a routing device, and a (typically smaller) range of
IP addresses on the private side. Often used as to
conserve IP addresses, since the private side can use
"unrouteable" ranges of IP numbers, which
can be safely re-used in many such locations. Also
used to conceal identities of private hosts when
implemented as part of a firewall. See also:
Unroutable Address, IP Address.
- Network File System (NFS)
- A protocol developed by
Sun Microsystems, and defined in RFC
1094, which allows a computer system to access
files over a network as if they were on its local
disks. This protocol has been incorporated in products
by more than two hundred companies, and is now a de
facto Internet standard. [Source: NNSC]
- Network Information
Center (NIC)
- A NIC provides
information, assistance and services to network users.
See also: Network Operations Center. [Source: RFC1392]
- Network Information
Services (NIS)
- A set of services,
generally provided by a NIC, to assist users in using
the network. Also a service used by UNIX
administrators to manage databases distributed across
a network (a product of Sun Microsystems(R) - formerly
known as Yellow Pages). See also: Network Information
Center. [Source: RFC1392]
- Network Layer
- The OSI layer that is
responsible for routing, switching, and subnetwork
access across the entire OSI environment. [Source:
RFC1208]
- network mask
- See: address mask
- Network News Transfer
Protocol (NNTP)
- A protocol, defined in RFC
977, for the distribution, inquiry, retrieval, and
posting of news articles. See also: Usenet. [Source:
RFC1392]
- network number
- See: network address
- Network Operations
Center (NOC)
- A location from which
the operation of a network or internet is monitored.
Additionally, this center usually serves as a
clearinghouse for connectivity problems and efforts to
resolve those problems. See also: Network Information
Center. [Source: NNSC]
- Network Time Protocol
(NTP)
- A protocol that assures
accurate local timekeeping with reference to radio and
atomic clocks located on the Internet. This protocol
is capable of synchronizing distributed clocks within
milliseconds over long time periods. It is defined in
STD 12, RFC
1119 (POSTSCRIPT format) and updated in RFC
1305. See also: Internet. [Source: NNSC]
- NFS
- See: Network File System
- NGfL
- National Grid for
Learning.
- NIC (1)
- See: Network Information
Center
- NIC (2)
- Network Interface Card.
- NIC.DDN.MIL
- This is the domain name
of the DDN NIC. See also: Defense Data Network...,
Domain Name System, Network Information Center.
[Source: RFC1983]
- NIFTP
- Network Independent File
Transfer Protocol. See Blue Book and FTP.
- NILTA
- National Information and
Learning Technology Association. An Affiliated Group
of the JANET National User Group.
- NIS
- See: Network Information
Services
- NISS
- National Information
Services and Systems. A JISC service carrying
professionally maintained online information services
for and about the education sector.
- NIST
- See: National Institute
of Standards and Technology
- nln
- National Learning
Network.
- NMS
- Network Management
Station. The system responsible for managing a
(portion of a) network. The NMS talks to network
management agents, which reside in the managed nodes,
via a network management protocol. See agent. [Source:
RFC1208]
- NNTP
- See: Network News
Transfer Protocol
- NNW
- Network North West, a
Metropolitan Area Network for Manchester and environs.
- NOC
- See: Network Operations
Center
- Nodal Switching
System (NSS)
- Main routing nodes in
the NSFnet backbone. See also: backbone, National
Science Foundation. [Source: MALAMUD]
- node
- An addressable device
attached to a computer network. See also: host,
router. [Source: RFC1392]
- NorMAN
- North East Metropolitan
Area Network.
- North West JANET
Regional User Group (NWJRUG)
- The North West JANET
Regional User Group represents the views of users of
JANET within the ancient regions of Staffordshire,
Cheshire, Lancashire and Cumbria, plus any modern
additions. See also: JANET National User Group.
- NOSC
- Network Operations and
Service Centre.
- NREN
- See: National Research
and Education Network
- NRS
- see Name Registration
Scheme.
- NS
- See: Name Server record
- NSAP
- Network Service Access
Point. The point at which the OSI Network Service is
made available to a Transport entity. The NSAPs are
identified by OSI Network Addresses. [Source: RFC1208]
- NSF
- See: National Science
Foundation
- NSS
- See: Nodal Switching
System
- NT
- New Technology, a
version of Microsoft Windows operating system. The
initials WNT bear the same relationship to VMS as IBM
does to HAL. I'm sorry Dave...
- NTP
- Network Time Protocol,
defined by RFC
958, and updated to version 3 in RFC
1305, provides the mechanisms to synchronise hosts
and coordinate time distribution in a large diverse
internet.
- NTU
- Network Termination Unit
- NWJRUG
- See: North West JANET
Regional User Group
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